Information computer some topices
COMPUTER SYSTEM
The
computer system consists of four parts:
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Data
4. Users
1.
Hardware: hardware
consists of the physical part of the computer system. Example of hardware
devices are keyboard, mouse, hard disk drive, floppy disk drive, printer,
processor, motherboard etc.
2. Software:
software is a
collection of program that runs on computer system. Some examples of software
are
1.
Microsoft
office 2007
2.
Tally
9.0
3.
Adobe
reader
4.
Mozilla
Firefox
5.
Adobe
Photoshop
6.
Adobe
PageMaker etc...
3.
Data: data are
raw facts, for example the data like 29, January and 1994 just represent
values. The input data which is processed to generate some meaningful
information. For example 29 January 1994 are processed by the computer to give
the date of birth of a person.
Text data: [A-Z]
Number data [0-9]
Image data [any image]
4. User: user
are people who write computer programs or interact with the computer. They are
also known as skinware, liveware, humanware, or peopleware. Programmer, Data
Entry Operator, computer hardware engineering falls into this category.
GENERATION
OF COMPUTER
Development
of is known as generation of computer. Development of computers is categorized
into five generation depending upon size, technology used, storage capacity,
computing capacity etc.
First generation of computer: [1942-1955]
1.Vacuum
tube technology
2.Unreliable
3.Supported
Machine language only
4.Very
costly
5.Generate
lot of heat
6.Slow
Input/output device
7.Huge
size
8.Need
of A.C.
9.Non-portable
10.Consumed
lot of electricity
Some computers of this generation were:
ENIAC
EDVAC
UNIVAC
IBM-701
IBM-650
Second Generation [1955-1965]
The
main features of Second Generation are:
1. Use of transistors
2.Reliable as compared to First generation
computers
3.Smaller size as compared to First generation
computers
4.Generate less heat as compared to First
generation computers
5.Consumed less electricity as compared to First
generation computers
6.Faster than first generation computers
7.Still very costly
8.A.C. needed
9.Support machine and assembly languages
Some computer of this generation was:
IBM 1620 , IBM 7094, CDC 1604, CDC
3600, UNIVAC 1108.
Third Generation [1965-1975]
The main features of Third Generation are:
1. IC used
2. More reliable
3. Smaller size
4. Generate less heat
5. Faster
6. Lesser maintenance
7. Still costly
8. A.C needed
9. Consumed lesser electricity
10.Support high level language
Some computers of this generation were:
1. IBM-360 series
2. Honeywell-6000 series
3. PDP(Personal Data Processor)
4. IBM-370/168
5. TDC-316
Fourth Generation [1975-1985]
The main features of Fourth
Generation are:
VLSI technology y used
Very cheap
Portable and reliable
Use of PC's
Very small size
Pipeline processing
No A.C. needed
Concept of internet was introduced
Great developments in the fields of networks
Computers became easily available
Some computers of this g generation
were:
DEC 10
ST AR 1000
PDP 11
CRAY-1(Super Computer)
CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer)
Fifth Generation [1985 to till continue …
T he main features of Fifth Generation
are:
ULSI technology
Development of true artificial intelligence
Development of Natural language processing
Advancement in Parallel Processing
Advancement in Superconductor technology
More user friendly interfaces with multimedia
features
Availability of very powerful and compact
computers at cheaper rates
Some computer types of
this generation are:
Desktop
Laptop
Notebook
Ultra Book
Chrome Book
