Computer Information: Computer Motherboard

COMPUTER - MOTHERBOARD

The motherboard serves as a single platform to connect all of the parts of a computer together. A motherboard connects CPU, memory, hard drives, optical drives, video card, sound card and other ports and expansion cards directly or via cables. It can be considered as the backbone of a computer.

Features

• Motherboard varies greatly in supporting various types of components.
• Normally, a motherboard supports a single type of CPU and few types of memories.
• Video Cards, Hard disks, Sound Cards have to be compatible with motherboard to function properly.
• Motherboards, cases and power supplies must be compatible to work properly together.

Popular Manufacturers

• Intel
• ASUS
• AOpen
• ABIT
• Biostar
• Gigabyte
• MSI

Description:

The motherboard is mounted inside the case and is securely attached via small screws through pre-drilled holes.

Motherboard contains ports to connect all of the internal components. It provides a single socket for CPU. For memory, normally one or more slots are available. Motherboards provide ports to attach floppy drive, hard drive and optical drives via ribbon cables. Motherboard carries fans and a special port designed for power supply.

There are peripheral card slots on front of the motherboard using which video cards, sound cards and other expansion cards can be connected to motherboard.

On left side, motherboard carries a number of ports. These ports connect monitor, printer, mouse, keyboard, speaker, network cables and all to the motherboard. Motherboards also provide USB ports, which allow compatible devices to be connected in plug-in/plug-out fashion. For example, pen drive, digital cameras, etc.

Computer Bacek information- memory

Memory

A memory is just like a human brain. It is used to store data and instructions. Computer memory is the storage space in computer where data is to be processed and instructions required for processing are stored.

The memory is divided into large number of small parts. Each part is called cell. Each location or cell has a unique address, which varies from zero to memory size minus one.

For example, if computer has 64k words, then this memory unit has 64 * 1024=65536 memory location. The address of these locations varies from 0 to 65535.

Memory is primarily of three types:

·         Cache Memory

·         Primary Memory/Main Memory

·         Secondary Memory

Cache Memory

Cache memory is a very high speed semiconductor memory, which can speed up CPU. It acts as a buffer between the CPU and main memory.

It is used to hold those parts of data and program which are most frequently used by CPU. The parts of data and programs are transferred from disk to cache memory by operating system, from where CPU can access them.

Advantage

·         Cache memory is faster than main memory.

·         It consumes less access time as compared to main memory.

·         It stores the program that can be executed within a short period of time.

·         It stores data for temporary use.

Disadvantage:

·         Cache memory has limited capacity.

·         It is very expensive.

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